{
  "releaseId": "metals-research-2026.08-v1",
  "datasetId": "usgs-silver-industrial-demand-overview",
  "sourceIds": [
    "usgs-ds140-silver",
    "usgs-mcs-2026-silver"
  ],
  "unit": "metric tonnes of silver content",
  "coverage": {
    "startYear": 1900,
    "endYear": 2025
  },
  "globalSeriesStatus": {
    "hosted": false,
    "reason": "No comparable global or country-allocation time series with sufficiently clear redistribution terms was identified for this release."
  },
  "unitedStatesEndUses2025": [
    {
      "category": "Electrical and electronics",
      "percent": 25
    },
    {
      "category": "Other industrial uses and photography",
      "percent": 19
    },
    {
      "category": "Net physical investment (bars)",
      "percent": 18
    },
    {
      "category": "Photovoltaics",
      "percent": 15
    },
    {
      "category": "Coins and medals",
      "percent": 14
    },
    {
      "category": "Jewelry and silverware",
      "percent": 6
    },
    {
      "category": "Brazing and solder",
      "percent": 3
    }
  ],
  "licence": {
    "name": "U.S. public domain",
    "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/information-policies-and-instructions/copyrights-and-credits",
    "attribution": "Credit: U.S. Geological Survey."
  },
  "limitations": [
    "The long history is U.S. apparent consumption, not a global or country-allocation series.",
    "Apparent consumption is calculated from supply and stock changes and does not equal factory-level consumption surveys.",
    "The 2025 end-use shares are U.S. estimates; they must not be applied to other countries or regions.",
    "Investment and industrial categories are shown separately and should not be combined as industrial demand."
  ],
  "annual": [
    {
      "year": 1900,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 420,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1901,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 401.545843,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1902,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 514.638072,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1903,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 498.713094,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1904,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 554.295001,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1905,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 600.576969,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1906,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 558.120728,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1907,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 686.484763,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1908,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 630.187476,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1909,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 651.897701,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1910,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 721.19624,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1911,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 817.648111,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1912,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 704.338157,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1913,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 719.361135,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1914,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 701.445534,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1915,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 714.322372,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1916,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 690.621525,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1917,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 497.624472,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1918,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 831.147018,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1919,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 816.092937,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1920,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 599.674969,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1921,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 897.148589,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1922,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 973.134375,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1923,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 881.938991,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1924,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 767.13607,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1925,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 930.895858,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1926,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 914.690948,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1927,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 917.334743,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1928,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 775.440697,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1929,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 963.523401,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1930,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 835.874746,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1931,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 756.934131,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1932,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 449.78733,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1933,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 336.259652,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1934,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 357.441117,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1935,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 164.506271,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1936,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 595.258275,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1937,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 862.406009,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1938,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 627.730302,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1939,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 1390,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1940,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 1380,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1941,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 2250,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1942,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3150,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1943,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3670.209871,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1944,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3740,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1945,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3930,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1946,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 2710,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1947,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3060,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1948,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3270,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1949,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 2740,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1950,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3420,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1951,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3270,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1952,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3000,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1953,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3300,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1954,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 2680,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1955,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3150,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1956,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3110.347348,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1957,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 2970,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1958,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 2660,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1959,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3140,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1960,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3170,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1961,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3280,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1962,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3430,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1963,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3420,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1964,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3830,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1965,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4260,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1966,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5710,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1967,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5319.658173,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1968,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4520,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1969,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4400,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1970,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3990,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1971,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4020,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1972,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4700,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1973,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6670,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1974,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4900,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1975,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4990,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1976,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5350,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1977,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4780,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1978,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4980,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1979,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4900,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1980,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3880,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1981,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3630,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1982,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3750,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1983,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3690,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1984,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5300,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1985,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6390,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1986,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5670,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1987,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3990,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1988,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4140,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1989,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5060,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1990,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4360,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1991,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3830,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1992,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4060,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1993,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 3260,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1994,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4820,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4880,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4930,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4980,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5300,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5500,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6280,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6780,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 7300,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 8000,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6700,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6140,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5130,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5250,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6320,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6090,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6740,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 7430,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5950,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6230,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6170,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6590,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 7180,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4540,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 4220,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5440,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 5810,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Data Series 140",
      "status": "historical"
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 7950,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026",
      "status": "reported"
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6310,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026",
      "status": "reported"
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 7070,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026",
      "status": "reported"
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 6320,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026",
      "status": "reported"
    },
    {
      "year": 2025,
      "unitedStatesApparentConsumptionTonnes": 9400,
      "sourceSeries": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026",
      "status": "estimate"
    }
  ]
}